Neurobiological Insights into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by dominant feelings of fear and anxiety, affecting memory, attention, mood, and other mental and physiological processes. Post-traumatic stress disorder, which is continuously fueled by psychological and physiological mechanisms, has associated neurobiological markers that are crucial for developing drug treatments. These markers can be detected through neuroimaging studies and the levels of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines. The primary factor creating these effects in PTSD is often related to stress. Therefore, the markers are closely linked to biological mechanisms influenced by stress. Neuroimaging studies have shown changes in the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex, both psychologically and physiologically. These changes are accompanied by various neurotransmitters released in different brain regions. Understanding the impacts of the disorder on the brain and body is important for developing treatment options. In this review, we have summarized the neurophysiological, neuroanatomical, and neuroendocrine cycles that may offer insights for treatment development.

Cite this article as: Demirci Ö, Erbaş O. Neurobiological Insights into PostTraumatic Stress Disorder. JEB Med Sci 2024;5(3):214-221.

The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.