Serotonin Receptors and Depression
Yaren Kayabaşı1, Berzah Güneş1, Oytun Erbaş1,2
1ERBAS Institute of Experimental Medicine, Illinois, USA & Gebze, Turkey
2Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty of Demiroğlu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
Keywords: Brain-induced neurotrophic factor, depression, raphe nuclei, serotonin, serotonin transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase.
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) is an important neurotransmitter, monoamine and hormone secreted from various parts of the body, affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. Tryptophan amino acid is synthesized by the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). Synthesized serotonin is transported from neuronal cytoplasm to membrane through vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs). VMATS (VMAT1, VMAT2), a member of the SLC18 gene family, meet the energy they need for transport by creating proton gradient with H+-ATPase. Effects of secreted serotonin on our body; Although emotion, reproductive behavior, nutrition and sleep pattern control are the control, when serotonin is mentioned, it comes to mind more anxiety and mood changes control or depression. Depression is a condition of not being able to enjoy the situation, not feeling safe, losing empathy and interest in life. This mood disorder; it has been observed that it is caused by a lack of serotonin in the raphe nuclei of the brain or abnormalities in the serotonin transporter (SERT). Brain-induced neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a nerve growth factor with functions such as controlling synaptic plasticity and increasing neurogenesis. Research has also shown that it has a very important role in the treatment of depression through its relationship with neurotransmitters. In this review, the working mechanism of VMAT pumps, the role of BDNF and serotonin receptors in serotonergic pathways and depression formation were emphasized.
Cite this article as: Kayabaşı Y, Güneş B, Erbaş O. Serotonin Receptors and Depression. JEB Med Sci 2021;2(2):240-246.
The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.
The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.